沥青路面就地冷再生的特点及应用范围

　　Characteristics and application scope of on-site cold recycling of asphalt pavement

　　沥青路面就地冷再生是采用专用的再生设备，对沥青路面进行现场冷铣刨，破碎和筛分(必要时)，掺入一定数量的新集料、再生结合料（乳化沥青或泡沫沥青）、活性填料(水泥、石灰等)、水，经常温拌和、摊铺、碾压等工序，一次性实现旧沥青路面再生的技术。它包括沥青层就地冷再生和全深式就地冷再生两种方式。仅对沥青混合料层进行的就地冷再生称为沥青层就地冷再生；再生层既包括沥青材料层又包括非沥青材料层的再生，称为全深式就地冷再生。沥青路面就地冷再生技术具有以下优点：

　　The on-site cold recycling of asphalt pavement is a technology that uses special recycling equipment to carry out on-site cold milling, crushing and screening (if necessary) of asphalt pavement, add a certain amount of new aggregate, recycled binder (emulsified asphalt or foam asphalt), active filler (cement, lime, etc.), water, and often warm mixing, paving, rolling and other processes to achieve the one-time recycling of old asphalt pavement. It includes two methods: in-situ cold recycling of asphalt layer and full depth in-situ cold recycling. The in-situ cold regeneration of asphalt mixture layer is called in-situ cold regeneration of asphalt layer; The regeneration layer includes both asphalt material layer and non asphalt material layer, which is called full depth in-situ cold regeneration. The on-site cold recycling technology for asphalt pavement has the following advantages:

　　(1)全部旧料就地再生，减少了新料的用量和开采，降低路面材料的运输成本，减少环境污染、节约能源。

　　(1) All old materials are regenerated on site, reducing the amount and mining of new materials, lowering the transportation cost of road materials, reducing environmental pollution, and saving energy.

　　(2)可以缩短路面维修周期，简化施工程序，降低施工成本。

　　(2) It can shorten the road maintenance cycle, simplify construction procedures, and reduce construction costs.

　　(3)了旧路面不规则裂缝,避免新铺路面产生反射裂缝;

　　(3) Eliminating irregular cracks on the old road surface and avoiding reflection cracks on the newly paved road surface;

　　(4)降低路面维修成本，保持路面结构的完整性，提高路面养护维修质量。

　　(4) Reduce the cost of road maintenance, maintain the integrity of road structure, and improve the quality of road maintenance and repair.

　　就地冷再生技术的种类

　　Types of on-site cold regeneration technology

　　根据新添再生粘结料的种类，就地冷再生技术可以大致分为掺水泥类、掺沥青类和水泥沥青综合类。目前使用的再生粘结料有水泥、沥青（乳化沥青或泡沫沥青）、石灰、粉煤灰等，水泥和沥青应用较多，这些再生粘结料可以单独掺加也可以按比例同时添加，采用何种再生添加料及添加的比例需要根据旧路面材料性能经过试验确定。1.水泥类就地冷再生水泥类就地冷再生方法是采用水泥作稳定材料的再生方法。施工中有以下三种添加方式：

　　According to the types of newly added recycled binders, on-site cold recycling technology can be roughly divided into cement mixed, asphalt mixed, and cement asphalt comprehensive types. At present, the recycled binders used include cement, asphalt (emulsified asphalt or foam asphalt), lime, fly ash, etc. Cement and asphalt are widely used. These recycled binders can be added separately or at the same time in proportion. What kind of recycled binders to use and the proportion to add them need to be determined through tests according to the performance of old pavement materials. 1. In situ cold recycling of cement is a recycling method that uses cement as a stabilizing material. There are three ways to add during construction:

　　( l ）将固态粉状水泥撒布在再生机前的被再生路面上，当再生机经过时，将其与被切削下的旧路铺层材料一同进行拌和。

　　(l) Spread solid powdered cement on the regenerated road surface in front of the regeneration machine, and mix it with the cut old pavement material when the regeneration machine passes by.

　　( 2 ）用专用水泥稀浆搅拌输送车按比例连续地将水泥

　　(2) Use a dedicated cement slurry mixing and conveying truck to continuously mix cement in proportion

　　与水拌和成稀浆，通过计量控制系统直接喷洒进再生机拌和罩壳内，以保证水泥用量的精确性，同时也可以防止因刮风而损失水泥材料和对环境的影响。( 3 ）采用专用的水泥撒布车布料，撒布车作为再生机组的一部分。采用粉状水泥或稀浆方式添加，水泥用量一般为2—4 % （质量百分比）之间，当采用乳化沥青作为再生添加剂时，添加量按质量百分比为 0.5—7 % 。

　　Mix with water to form a slurry, which is directly sprayed into the mixing hood of the regeneration machine through a metering control system to ensure the accuracy of cement dosage and prevent the loss of cement materials and environmental impact caused by wind. (3) Use a dedicated cement spreader to distribute the fabric, which is part of the recycling unit. It is added by powder cement or slurry, and the cement dosage is generally between 2-4% (mass percentage). When emulsified asphalt is used as a recycled additive, the addition amount is 0.5-7% by mass percentage.

　　2.沥青类就地冷再生

　　2. Asphalt on-site cold recycling

　　沥青类就地冷再生方法是采用乳化沥青作稳定剂的再生方法，也可采用泡沫沥青作为稳定材料。泡沫沥青由再生机上的泡沫沥青输送及喷洒系统产生并直接喷洒进再生机的拌和罩壳内，一般还需加入少量水泥（ 1 ％一 2 % ），以使再生层获得所需强度的同时，提高表层质量，防止裂缝发生。乳化沥青和泡沫沥青通过主机上的计量控制系统自动添加。

　　In situ cold recycling method of asphalt is to use emulsified asphalt as stabilizer, or foam asphalt as stabilizing material. The foam asphalt is produced by the foam asphalt conveying and spraying system on the regenerator and directly sprayed into the mixing enclosure of the regenerator. Generally, a small amount of cement (1% -2%) is required to be added to make the regenerated layer obtain the required strength, improve the surface quality and prevent cracks. Emulsified asphalt and foam asphalt are automatically added through the metering control system on the host.

　　3.水泥、沥青综合就地冷再生综合类就地冷再生是使用水泥和乳化沥青作为再生剂的就地冷再生方法。使用水泥加上乳化沥青可以减少乳化沥青的用量，节省工程投资，另一方面，乳化沥青的加人可以减低水泥稳定层的刚性，因而减少反射裂缝。

　　3. Comprehensive on-site cold recycling of cement and asphalt is a method of on-site cold recycling that uses cement and emulsified asphalt as regenerants. The use of cement combined with emulsified asphalt can reduce the amount of emulsified asphalt used, save engineering investment. On the other hand, the addition of emulsified asphalt can reduce the rigidity of the cement stabilized layer, thereby reducing reflection cracks.

　　地冷再生沥青混合料路面施工

　　Construction of ground cooled recycled asphalt mixture pavement

　　1.就地冷再生设备的要求沥青路面现场冷再生机械主要由沥青路面铣刨装置、喷撒装置、行走系统和控制系统等组成。地冷再生设备应具有以下性能：（1）铣刨装置的切削深度可精确控制。

　　1. Requirements for on-site cold recycling equipment: Asphalt pavement on-site cold recycling machinery mainly consists of asphalt pavement milling device, spraying device, walking system, and control system. The ground cooling regeneration equipment should have the following performance: (1) The cutting depth of the milling device can be precisely controlled.

　　（2）工作宽度不应小于2.0m。

　　(2) The working width should not be less than 2.0m.

　　（3）喷洒计量精确可调，并与切削深度、施工速度、材料密度等联动；喷嘴在工作宽度范围内均匀分布，各喷嘴可独立开启与关闭。

　　(3) The spraying measurement is precise and adjustable, and is linked to cutting depth, construction speed, material density, etc; The nozzles are evenly distributed within the working width range, and each nozzle can be independently opened and closed.

　　（4）使用泡沫沥青时，还应具备泡沫沥青喷撒系统装置。2.就地冷再生施工程序具体施工程序如下：

　　(4) When foam asphalt is used, foam asphalt spraying system device shall also be provided. 2. The specific construction procedure for on-site cold recycling is as follows:

　　（1）原材料性能检测并满足要求。（2）综合考虑施工季节、气候条件、再生作业段宽度、施工机械和运输车辆的效率和数量、操作熟练程度、水泥终凝时间等因素，确定每个作业段长度。

　　(1) Raw material performance testing and meeting requirements. (2) Taking into account factors such as construction season, climate conditions, width of recycling operation section, efficiency and quantity of construction machinery and transportation vehicles, proficiency in operation, and final setting time of cement, determine the length of each operation section.

　　（3）添加新集料：为满足再生路面的性能要求，还应加入一定比例的新集料，主要有砂、碎石（石灰石、卵石、砾石）等，添加量视具体情况而定。

　　(3) Adding new aggregates: In order to meet the performance requirements of recycled pavement, a certain proportion of new aggregates should also be added, mainly including sand, crushed stones (limestone, pebbles, gravel), etc. The amount of addition depends on the specific situation.

　　（4）新旧材料的拌和：按照设定再生深度对路面进行铣刨，并与预先撒布的新集料和预先撒布与动态加入的乳化沥青、水泥及其它添加剂和水加以拌和。由于再生添加剂的不同，再生混合料拌和工艺过程也不同。

　　(4) Mixing of new and old materials: milling the road surface according to the set regeneration depth, and mixing it with pre spread new aggregates, pre spread and dynamically added emulsified asphalt, cement, other additives, and water. Due to the different types of recycled additives, the mixing process of recycled mixtures is also different.

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